Timbering and strutting : - Timbering and strutting is a method of giving the temporary support to the side of trench, when the depth of trench is large or when the sub soil is loose. - Timbering is also called shoring. - It consist of timber board and strut to give temporary support to the side of the trench. - A method of giving the temporary support to the side of deep trench or when sub soil is loose or very soft is known as timbering. - It consist of timber planks and strut to give temporary support to the side of trench. It helps to reduce width of foundation. Following are the methods of timbering and strutting :- Box sheeting Stay bracing Runner system Vertical sheeting Sheet piling 1) Box sheeting :- If depth of the excavation is up to 4.0 M and if soil is loose, the box sheeting method is commonly employed into the the practice. Fig. 1 Box sheeting It is just like box, consisting of vertical sheet held in positio
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design ,construction and maintanance,of the physically and naturally built environment,include public work such as road ,bridge ,canal,airport.